# Copyright (c) 2021 Graphcore Ltd. All rights reserved.
# Copyright 2018 The Google AI Language Team Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
# This file has been modified by Graphcore Ltd.

"""
This script has been adapted from the original google-research/bert repo found here:
  https://github.com/google-research/bert/blob/master/create_pretraining_data.py

Main changes:
  Load tokeniser from transformers
  Update to TensorFlow 2
"""

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

from tqdm import tqdm
import collections
import random
import argparse
import glob
import struct
from itertools import chain
from functools import reduce
import six

from transformers import BertTokenizerFast

try:
    import tensorflow as tf
except ImportError:
    raise ImportError(
        "TensorFlow is required to generate data for this application. " "Please install with: 'pip install tensorflow'"
    )


class TrainingInstance(object):
    """A single training instance (sentence pair)."""

    def __init__(self, tokens, segment_ids, masked_lm_positions, masked_lm_labels, is_random_next):
        self.tokens = tokens
        self.segment_ids = segment_ids
        self.is_random_next = is_random_next
        self.masked_lm_positions = masked_lm_positions
        self.masked_lm_labels = masked_lm_labels

    def __str__(self):
        s = ""
        s += "tokens: %s\n" % (" ".join([tokenization.printable_text(x) for x in self.tokens]))
        s += "segment_ids: %s\n" % (" ".join([str(x) for x in self.segment_ids]))
        s += "is_random_next: %s\n" % self.is_random_next
        s += "masked_lm_positions: %s\n" % (" ".join([str(x) for x in self.masked_lm_positions]))
        s += "masked_lm_labels: %s\n" % (" ".join([tokenization.printable_text(x) for x in self.masked_lm_labels]))
        s += "\n"
        return s

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.__str__()


def write_instance_to_example_files(
    instances, tokenizer, max_seq_length, mask_tokens, output_files, ignore_index_value=0, max_samples=-1
):
    """Create TF example files from `TrainingInstance`s."""
    writers = []
    for output_file in output_files:
        writers.append(tf.io.TFRecordWriter(output_file))

    writer_index = 0

    total_written = 0
    for (inst_index, instance) in enumerate(tqdm(instances)):
        input_ids = tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(instance.tokens)
        input_mask = [1] * len(input_ids)
        segment_ids = list(instance.segment_ids)
        assert len(input_ids) <= max_seq_length

        while len(input_ids) < max_seq_length:
            input_ids.append(0)
            input_mask.append(0)
            segment_ids.append(0)

        assert len(input_ids) == max_seq_length
        assert len(input_mask) == max_seq_length
        assert len(segment_ids) == max_seq_length

        masked_lm_positions = list(instance.masked_lm_positions)
        masked_lm_ids = tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(instance.masked_lm_labels)
        masked_lm_weights = [1.0] * len(masked_lm_ids)

        while len(masked_lm_positions) < mask_tokens:
            masked_lm_positions.append(0)
            masked_lm_ids.append(ignore_index_value)
            masked_lm_weights.append(0.0)

        next_sentence_label = [1 if instance.is_random_next else 0]

        features = collections.OrderedDict()
        features["input_ids"] = create_int_feature(input_ids)
        features["input_mask"] = create_int_feature(input_mask)
        features["segment_ids"] = create_int_feature(segment_ids)
        features["masked_lm_positions"] = create_int_feature(masked_lm_positions)
        features["masked_lm_ids"] = create_int_feature(masked_lm_ids)
        features["masked_lm_weights"] = create_float_feature(masked_lm_weights)
        features["next_sentence_labels"] = create_int_feature(next_sentence_label)

        tf_example = tf.train.Example(features=tf.train.Features(feature=features))

        writers[writer_index].write(tf_example.SerializeToString())
        writer_index = (writer_index + 1) % len(writers)

        total_written += 1

        if max_samples != -1 and total_written >= max_samples:
            break

    for writer in writers:
        writer.close()

    print("Wrote %d total instances" % total_written)


def create_int_feature(values):
    feature = tf.train.Feature(int64_list=tf.train.Int64List(value=list(values)))
    return feature


def create_float_feature(values):
    feature = tf.train.Feature(float_list=tf.train.FloatList(value=list(values)))
    return feature


def count_lines(fname):
    with open(fname) as f:
        for i, l in enumerate(f):
            pass
    return i + 1


def convert_to_unicode(text):
    """Converts `text` to Unicode (if it's not already), assuming utf-8 input."""
    if six.PY3:
        if isinstance(text, str):
            return text
        elif isinstance(text, bytes):
            return text.decode("utf-8", "ignore")
        else:
            raise ValueError("Unsupported string type: %s" % (type(text)))
    elif six.PY2:
        if isinstance(text, str):
            return text.decode("utf-8", "ignore")
        elif isinstance(text, unicode):
            return text
        else:
            raise ValueError("Unsupported string type: %s" % (type(text)))
    else:
        raise ValueError("Not running on Python2 or Python 3?")


def create_training_instances(
    input_files, tokenizer, max_seq_length, dupe_factor, short_seq_prob, mlm_prob, mask_tokens, rng
):
    """Create `TrainingInstance`s from raw text."""
    all_documents = [[]]

    # Input file format:
    # (1) One sentence per line. These should ideally be actual sentences, not
    # entire paragraphs or arbitrary spans of text. (Because we use the
    # sentence boundaries for the "next sentence prediction" task).
    # (2) Blank lines between documents. Document boundaries are needed so
    # that the "next sentence prediction" task doesn't span between documents.
    for input_file in input_files:
        lines = count_lines(input_file)
        print(f"Line count {lines}")
        with open(input_file, "r") as reader:
            print(f"*** Tokenising input file '{input_file}' ***")
            for line_count in tqdm(range(lines + 1)):
                line = convert_to_unicode(reader.readline())
                # Need to preprocess for lower case etc.
                if not line:
                    break
                line = line.strip()

                # Empty lines are used as document delimiters
                if not line:
                    all_documents.append([])
                tokens = tokenizer.tokenize(line)
                if tokens:
                    all_documents[-1].append(tokens)

    print("*** Done Tokenising ***")

    # Remove empty documents
    all_documents = [x for x in all_documents if x]
    rng.shuffle(all_documents)

    vocab_words = list(tokenizer.get_vocab().keys())
    instances = []
    for dup in range(dupe_factor):
        print(f"*** Generating Duplicate {dup}/{dupe_factor} ***")
        for document_index in tqdm(range(len(all_documents))):
            instances.extend(
                create_instances_from_document(
                    all_documents,
                    document_index,
                    max_seq_length,
                    short_seq_prob,
                    mlm_prob,
                    mask_tokens,
                    vocab_words,
                    rng,
                )
            )

    rng.shuffle(instances)
    return instances


def create_instances_from_document(
    all_documents, document_index, max_seq_length, short_seq_prob, mlm_prob, mask_tokens, vocab_words, rng
):
    """Creates `TrainingInstance`s for a single document."""
    document = all_documents[document_index]

    # Account for [CLS], [SEP], [SEP]
    max_num_tokens = max_seq_length - 3

    # We *usually* want to fill up the entire sequence since we are padding
    # to `max_seq_length` anyways, so short sequences are generally wasted
    # computation. However, we *sometimes*
    # (i.e., short_seq_prob == 0.1 == 10% of the time) want to use shorter
    # sequences to minimize the mismatch between pre-training and fine-tuning.
    # The `target_seq_length` is just a rough target however, whereas
    # `max_seq_length` is a hard limit.
    target_seq_length = max_num_tokens
    if rng.random() < short_seq_prob:
        target_seq_length = rng.randint(2, max_num_tokens)

    # We DON'T just concatenate all of the tokens from a document into a long
    # sequence and choose an arbitrary split point because this would make the
    # next sentence prediction task too easy. Instead, we split the input into
    # segments "A" and "B" based on the actual "sentences" provided by the user
    # input.
    instances = []
    current_chunk = []
    current_length = 0
    i = 0
    while i < len(document):
        segment = document[i]
        current_chunk.append(segment)
        current_length += len(segment)
        if i == len(document) - 1 or current_length >= target_seq_length:
            if current_chunk:
                # `a_end` is how many segments from `current_chunk` go into the `A`
                # (first) sentence.
                a_end = 1
                if len(current_chunk) >= 2:
                    a_end = rng.randint(1, len(current_chunk) - 1)

                tokens_a = []
                for j in range(a_end):
                    tokens_a.extend(current_chunk[j])

                tokens_b = []
                # Random next
                is_random_next = False
                if len(current_chunk) == 1 or rng.random() < 0.5:
                    is_random_next = True
                    target_b_length = target_seq_length - len(tokens_a)

                    # This should rarely go for more than one iteration for large
                    # corpora. However, just to be careful, we try to make sure that
                    # the random document is not the same as the document
                    # we're processing.
                    for _ in range(10):
                        random_document_index = rng.randint(0, len(all_documents) - 1)
                        if random_document_index != document_index:
                            break

                    random_document = all_documents[random_document_index]
                    random_start = rng.randint(0, len(random_document) - 1)
                    for j in range(random_start, len(random_document)):
                        tokens_b.extend(random_document[j])
                        if len(tokens_b) >= target_b_length:
                            break
                    # We didn't actually use these segments so we "put them back" so
                    # they don't go to waste.
                    num_unused_segments = len(current_chunk) - a_end
                    i -= num_unused_segments
                # Actual next
                else:
                    is_random_next = False
                    for j in range(a_end, len(current_chunk)):
                        tokens_b.extend(current_chunk[j])
                truncate_seq_pair(tokens_a, tokens_b, max_num_tokens, rng)

                assert len(tokens_a) >= 1
                assert len(tokens_b) >= 1

                tokens = []
                segment_ids = []
                tokens.append("[CLS]")
                segment_ids.append(0)
                for token in tokens_a:
                    tokens.append(token)
                    segment_ids.append(0)

                tokens.append("[SEP]")
                segment_ids.append(0)

                for token in tokens_b:
                    tokens.append(token)
                    segment_ids.append(1)
                tokens.append("[SEP]")
                segment_ids.append(1)

                (tokens, masked_lm_positions, masked_lm_labels) = create_masked_lm_predictions(
                    tokens, mlm_prob, mask_tokens, vocab_words, rng, max_seq_length
                )
                instance = TrainingInstance(
                    tokens=tokens,
                    segment_ids=segment_ids,
                    is_random_next=is_random_next,
                    masked_lm_positions=masked_lm_positions,
                    masked_lm_labels=masked_lm_labels,
                )
                instances.append(instance)
            current_chunk = []
            current_length = 0
        i += 1

    return instances


MaskedLmInstance = collections.namedtuple("MaskedLmInstance", ["index", "label"])


def create_masked_lm_predictions(tokens, mlm_prob, mask_tokens, vocab_words, rng, max_seq_length):
    """Creates the predictions for the masked LM objective."""

    cand_indexes = []
    for (i, token) in enumerate(tokens):
        if token == "[CLS]" or token == "[SEP]":
            continue
        cand_indexes.append([i])

    rng.shuffle(cand_indexes)

    output_tokens = list(tokens)

    num_to_predict = min(mask_tokens, max(1, int(round(len(tokens) * mlm_prob))))
    # MAJOR CHANGE: Make sure that the desired number of mask_tokens is used
    # to prevent issues with too many tokens needed. Ie
    # sequence_length 384, mask_tokens 60. if num_to_predict is 58
    # and len(tokens) is 384 then there will be 326 sequence_tokens with 60 additional tokens
    # reserved for mask tokens. This will give a total tokens of 386 which is too many.
    num_to_predict = max(num_to_predict, len(tokens) - max_seq_length + mask_tokens)

    masked_lms = []
    covered_indexes = set()
    for index_set in cand_indexes:
        if len(masked_lms) >= num_to_predict:
            break
        # If adding a whole-word mask would exceed the maximum number of
        # predictions, then just skip this candidate.
        if len(masked_lms) + len(index_set) > num_to_predict:
            continue
        is_any_index_covered = False
        for index in index_set:
            if index in covered_indexes:
                is_any_index_covered = True
                break
        if is_any_index_covered:
            continue
        for index in index_set:
            covered_indexes.add(index)

            masked_token = None
            # 80% of the time, replace with [MASK]
            if rng.random() < 0.8:
                masked_token = "[MASK]"
            else:
                # 10% of the time, keep original
                if rng.random() < 0.5:
                    masked_token = tokens[index]
                # 10% of the time, replace with random word
                else:
                    masked_token = vocab_words[rng.randint(0, len(vocab_words) - 1)]

            output_tokens[index] = masked_token

            masked_lms.append(MaskedLmInstance(index=index, label=tokens[index]))
    assert len(masked_lms) <= num_to_predict
    masked_lms = sorted(masked_lms, key=lambda x: x.index)

    masked_lm_positions = []
    masked_lm_labels = []
    for p in masked_lms:
        masked_lm_positions.append(p.index)
        masked_lm_labels.append(p.label)

    return (output_tokens, masked_lm_positions, masked_lm_labels)


def truncate_seq_pair(tokens_a, tokens_b, max_num_tokens, rng):
    """Truncates a pair of sequences to a maximum sequence length."""
    while True:
        total_length = len(tokens_a) + len(tokens_b)
        if total_length <= max_num_tokens:
            break

        trunc_tokens = tokens_a if len(tokens_a) > len(tokens_b) else tokens_b
        assert len(trunc_tokens) >= 1

        # We want to sometimes truncate from the front and sometimes from the
        # back to add more randomness and avoid biases.
        if rng.random() < 0.5:
            del trunc_tokens[0]
        else:
            trunc_tokens.pop()


def main(args):
    # We use the HuggingFace BERT tokenizer rather than that from
    # the google-research/albert repo so that we can ensure
    # the generated dataset is compatible when pretraining with
    # HuggingFace BERT.
    tokenizer = BertTokenizerFast.from_pretrained(args.model, do_lower_case=args.do_lower_case)

    input_files = []
    for input_pattern in args.input_file.split(","):
        input_files.extend(glob.glob(input_pattern))

    print("*** Reading from input files ***")
    for input_file in input_files:
        print(f"  {input_file}")

    print("*** Done reading files ***")

    rng = random.Random(args.seed)
    instances = create_training_instances(
        input_files,
        tokenizer,
        args.sequence_length,
        args.duplication_factor,
        args.short_seq_prob,
        args.mlm_prob,
        args.mask_tokens,
        rng,
    )

    output_files = args.output_file.split(",")
    print("*** Writing to output files ***")
    for output_file in output_files:
        print(f"  {output_file}")

    write_instance_to_example_files(
        instances,
        tokenizer,
        args.sequence_length,
        args.mask_tokens,
        output_files,
        args.ignore_index_value,
        args.max_samples,
    )


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser("PreTraining Data for Mlm/Next Sentence prediction")
    parser.add_argument("--input-file", type=str, required=True)
    parser.add_argument("--model", type=str, required=True)
    parser.add_argument("--output-file", type=str, required=True)
    parser.add_argument("--do-lower-case", action="store_true")
    parser.add_argument("--sequence-length", type=int, default=128)
    parser.add_argument("--mask-tokens", type=int, default=20)
    parser.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=1984)
    parser.add_argument("--duplication-factor", type=int, default=6)
    parser.add_argument("--mlm-prob", type=float, default=0.15)
    parser.add_argument("--short-seq-prob", type=float, default=0.1)
    parser.add_argument("--max-samples", type=int, default=-1)
    parser.add_argument(
        "--ignore-index-value",
        type=int,
        default=0,
        help="The value to set to be ignored in the masked_lm label. "
        "TensorFlow BERT typically uses 0. Whereas PyTorch uses -100 by default.",
    )
    args = parser.parse_args()

    main(args)